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//

//

// Copyright (c) 2025 Vinnie Falco (vinnie.falco@gmail.com)

// Copyright (c) 2025 Vinnie Falco (vinnie.falco@gmail.com)

//

//

// Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying

// Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying

// file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)

// file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)

//

//

// Official repository: https://github.com/cppalliance/capy

// Official repository: https://github.com/cppalliance/capy

//

//

#ifndef BOOST_CAPY_EXECUTOR_REF_HPP

#ifndef BOOST_CAPY_EXECUTOR_REF_HPP

#define BOOST_CAPY_EXECUTOR_REF_HPP

#define BOOST_CAPY_EXECUTOR_REF_HPP

#include <boost/capy/detail/config.hpp>

#include <boost/capy/detail/config.hpp>

#include <boost/capy/detail/type_id.hpp>

#include <boost/capy/detail/type_id.hpp>

#include <boost/capy/concept/executor.hpp>

#include <boost/capy/continuation.hpp>

#include <boost/capy/continuation.hpp>

#include <concepts>

#include <concepts>

#include <coroutine>

#include <coroutine>

#include <type_traits>

#include <type_traits>

#include <utility>

#include <utility>

namespace boost {

namespace boost {

namespace capy {

namespace capy {

class execution_context;

class execution_context;

namespace detail {

namespace detail {

/** Virtual function table for type-erased executor operations. */

/** Virtual function table for type-erased executor operations. */

struct executor_vtable

struct executor_vtable

{

{

    execution_context& (*context)(void const*) noexcept;

    execution_context& (*context)(void const*) noexcept;

    void (*on_work_started)(void const*) noexcept;

    void (*on_work_started)(void const*) noexcept;

    void (*on_work_finished)(void const*) noexcept;

    void (*on_work_finished)(void const*) noexcept;

    void (*post)(void const*, continuation&);

    void (*post)(void const*, continuation&);

    std::coroutine_handle<> (*dispatch)(void const*, continuation&);

    std::coroutine_handle<> (*dispatch)(void const*, continuation&);

    bool (*equals)(void const*, void const*) noexcept;

    bool (*equals)(void const*, void const*) noexcept;

    detail::type_info const* type_id;

    detail::type_info const* type_id;

};

};

/** Vtable instance for a specific executor type. */

/** Vtable instance for a specific executor type. */

template<class Ex>

template<class Ex>

inline constexpr executor_vtable vtable_for = {

inline constexpr executor_vtable vtable_for = {

    // context

    // context

    },

    },

    // on_work_started

    // on_work_started

    },

    },

    // on_work_finished

    // on_work_finished

    },

    },

    // post

    // post

    },

    },

    // dispatch

    // dispatch

    },

    },

    // equals

    // equals

    },

    },

    // type_id

    // type_id

    &detail::type_id<Ex>()

    &detail::type_id<Ex>()

};

};

} // detail

} // detail

/** A type-erased reference wrapper for executor objects.

/** A type-erased reference wrapper for executor objects.

    This class provides type erasure for any executor type, enabling

    This class provides type erasure for any executor type, enabling

    runtime polymorphism without virtual functions or allocation.

    runtime polymorphism without virtual functions or allocation.

    It stores a pointer to the original executor and a pointer to a

    It stores a pointer to the original executor and a pointer to a

    static vtable, allowing executors of different types to be stored

    static vtable, allowing executors of different types to be stored

    uniformly while satisfying the full `Executor` concept.

    uniformly while satisfying the full `Executor` concept.

    @par Reference Semantics

    @par Reference Semantics

    This class has reference semantics: it does not allocate or own

    This class has reference semantics: it does not allocate or own

    the wrapped executor. Copy operations simply copy the internal

    the wrapped executor. Copy operations simply copy the internal

    pointers. The caller must ensure the referenced executor outlives

    pointers. The caller must ensure the referenced executor outlives

    all `executor_ref` instances that wrap it.

    all `executor_ref` instances that wrap it.

    @par Thread Safety

    @par Thread Safety

    The `executor_ref` itself is not thread-safe for concurrent

    The `executor_ref` itself is not thread-safe for concurrent

    modification, but its executor operations are safe to call

    modification, but its executor operations are safe to call

    concurrently if the underlying executor supports it.

    concurrently if the underlying executor supports it.

    @par Executor Concept

    @par Executor Concept

    This class satisfies the `Executor` concept, making it usable

    This class satisfies the `Executor` concept, making it usable

    anywhere a concrete executor is expected.

    anywhere a concrete executor is expected.

    @par Example

    @par Example

    @code

    @code

    void store_executor(executor_ref ex)

    void store_executor(executor_ref ex)

    {

    {

        if(ex)

        if(ex)

            ex.post(my_continuation);

            ex.post(my_continuation);

    }

    }

    io_context ctx;

    io_context ctx;

    store_executor(ctx.get_executor());

    store_executor(ctx.get_executor());

    @endcode

    @endcode

    @see any_executor, Executor

    @see any_executor, Executor

*/

*/

class executor_ref

class executor_ref

{

{

    void const* ex_ = nullptr;

    void const* ex_ = nullptr;

    detail::executor_vtable const* vt_ = nullptr;

    detail::executor_vtable const* vt_ = nullptr;

public:

public:

    /** Construct a default instance.

    /** Construct a default instance.

        Constructs an empty `executor_ref`. Calling any executor

        Constructs an empty `executor_ref`. Calling any executor

        operations on a default-constructed instance results in

        operations on a default-constructed instance results in

        undefined behavior.

        undefined behavior.

    */

    */

    /** Construct a copy.

    /** Construct a copy.

        Copies the internal pointers, preserving identity.

        Copies the internal pointers, preserving identity.

        This enables the same-executor optimization when passing

        This enables the same-executor optimization when passing

        executor_ref through coroutine chains.

        executor_ref through coroutine chains.

    */

    */

    executor_ref(executor_ref const&) = default;

    executor_ref(executor_ref const&) = default;

    /** Copy assignment operator. */

    /** Copy assignment operator. */

    executor_ref& operator=(executor_ref const&) = default;

    executor_ref& operator=(executor_ref const&) = default;

    /** Constructs from any executor type.

    /** Constructs from any executor type.

        Captures a reference to the given executor and stores a pointer

        Captures a reference to the given executor and stores a pointer

        to the type-specific vtable. The executor must remain valid for

        to the type-specific vtable. The executor must remain valid for

        the lifetime of this `executor_ref` instance.

        the lifetime of this `executor_ref` instance.

        @param ex The executor to wrap. Must satisfy the `Executor`

        @param ex The executor to wrap. Must satisfy the `Executor`

                  concept. A pointer to this object is stored

                  concept. A pointer to this object is stored

                  internally; the executor must outlive this wrapper.

                  internally; the executor must outlive this wrapper.

    */

    */

#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__clang__)

#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__clang__)

    // GCC constraint satisfaction caching bug workaround

    // GCC constraint satisfaction caching bug workaround

    template<class Ex,

    template<class Ex,

        std::enable_if_t<!std::is_same_v<

        std::enable_if_t<!std::is_same_v<

            std::decay_t<Ex>, executor_ref>, int> = 0>

            std::decay_t<Ex>, executor_ref>, int> = 0>

#else

#else

    template<class Ex>

    template<class Ex>

        requires (!std::same_as<std::decay_t<Ex>, executor_ref>)

        requires (!std::same_as<std::decay_t<Ex>, executor_ref>

            && Executor<Ex>)

#endif

#endif

    {

    {

    /** Returns true if this instance holds a valid executor.

    /** Returns true if this instance holds a valid executor.

        @return `true` if constructed with an executor, `false` if

        @return `true` if constructed with an executor, `false` if

                default-constructed.

                default-constructed.

    */

    */

    {

    {

    }

    }

    /** Returns a reference to the associated execution context.

    /** Returns a reference to the associated execution context.

        @return A reference to the execution context.

        @return A reference to the execution context.

        @pre This instance was constructed with a valid executor.

        @pre This instance was constructed with a valid executor.

    */

    */

    {

    {

    }

    }

    /** Informs the executor that work is beginning.

    /** Informs the executor that work is beginning.

        Must be paired with a subsequent call to `on_work_finished()`.

        Must be paired with a subsequent call to `on_work_finished()`.

        @pre This instance was constructed with a valid executor.

        @pre This instance was constructed with a valid executor.

    */

    */

    void on_work_started() const noexcept

    void on_work_started() const noexcept

    {

    {

        vt_->on_work_started(ex_);

        vt_->on_work_started(ex_);

    }

    }

    /** Informs the executor that work has completed.

    /** Informs the executor that work has completed.

        @pre A preceding call to `on_work_started()` was made.

        @pre A preceding call to `on_work_started()` was made.

        @pre This instance was constructed with a valid executor.

        @pre This instance was constructed with a valid executor.

    */

    */

    void on_work_finished() const noexcept

    void on_work_finished() const noexcept

    {

    {

        vt_->on_work_finished(ex_);

        vt_->on_work_finished(ex_);

    }

    }

    /** Dispatches a continuation through the wrapped executor.

    /** Dispatches a continuation through the wrapped executor.

        Returns a handle for symmetric transfer. If running in the

        Returns a handle for symmetric transfer. If running in the

        executor's thread, returns `c.h`. Otherwise, posts the

        executor's thread, returns `c.h`. Otherwise, posts the

        continuation for later execution and returns

        continuation for later execution and returns

        `std::noop_coroutine()`.

        `std::noop_coroutine()`.

        @param c The continuation to dispatch for resumption.

        @param c The continuation to dispatch for resumption.

                 Must remain at a stable address until dequeued.

                 Must remain at a stable address until dequeued.

        @return A handle for symmetric transfer or `std::noop_coroutine()`.

        @return A handle for symmetric transfer or `std::noop_coroutine()`.

        @pre This instance was constructed with a valid executor.

        @pre This instance was constructed with a valid executor.

    */

    */

    {

    {

    }

    }

    /** Posts a continuation to the wrapped executor.

    /** Posts a continuation to the wrapped executor.

        Posts the continuation to the executor for later execution

        Posts the continuation to the executor for later execution

        and returns. The caller should transfer to `std::noop_coroutine()`

        and returns. The caller should transfer to `std::noop_coroutine()`

        after calling this.

        after calling this.

        @param c The continuation to post for resumption.

        @param c The continuation to post for resumption.

                 Must remain at a stable address until dequeued.

                 Must remain at a stable address until dequeued.

        @pre This instance was constructed with a valid executor.

        @pre This instance was constructed with a valid executor.

    */

    */

    {

    {

    /** Compares two executor references for equality.

    /** Compares two executor references for equality.

        Two `executor_ref` instances are equal if they wrap

        Two `executor_ref` instances are equal if they wrap

        executors of the same type that compare equal.

        executors of the same type that compare equal.

        @param other The executor reference to compare against.

        @param other The executor reference to compare against.

        @return `true` if both wrap equal executors of the same type.

        @return `true` if both wrap equal executors of the same type.

    */

    */

    {

    {

    }

    }

    /** Return a pointer to the wrapped executor if it matches

    /** Return a pointer to the wrapped executor if it matches

        the requested type.

        the requested type.

        Performs a type check against the stored executor and

        Performs a type check against the stored executor and

        returns a typed pointer when the types match, or

        returns a typed pointer when the types match, or

        `nullptr` otherwise. Analogous to

        `nullptr` otherwise. Analogous to

        `std::any_cast< Executor >( &a )`.

        `std::any_cast< Executor >( &a )`.

        @tparam Executor The executor type to retrieve.

        @tparam Executor The executor type to retrieve.

        @return A pointer to the underlying executor, or

        @return A pointer to the underlying executor, or

            `nullptr` if the type does not match.

            `nullptr` if the type does not match.

    */

    */

    template< typename Executor >

    template< typename Executor >

    {

    {

    }

    }

    /// @copydoc target() const

    /// @copydoc target() const

    template< typename Executor>

    template< typename Executor>

    {

    {

           return const_cast< Executor* >(

           return const_cast< Executor* >(

    }

    }

};

};

} // capy

} // capy

} // boost

} // boost

#endif

#endif